NEPHROLOGY… Diagnosis & Management of First Episode of nephrotic syndrome 26 Mar 202017 Mar 2020 Nephrotic syndrome is diagnosed in a child with Edema: usually starts as periorbital puffiness with variable degree of generalized body swelling.Heavy proteinuria: defined as urine dipstick protein 3+/4+ or spot…
Urinary Tract Infections… Imaging studies after first episode of urinary tract infection (UTI) 12 Mar 202029 Oct 2023 Ultrasound kidneys is recommended in all cases with UTI irrespective of age. Dimercaptosuccinic acid scan (DMSA) should only be done after 3 to 4 months of treatment to detect renal…
Obstructions of the Urinary Tract… Antenatal Hydronephrosis 12 Jan 20209 Jan 2020 Antenatal hydronephrosis is classified according to severity based on antero-posterior diameter (APD) of fetal renal pelvis in USG. Antenatal hydronephrosis is present if the APD is ≥4 mm in second…
Evaluation of Renal Disease… IMPORTANCE OF URINE PROTEIN CREATININE RATIO 5 Dec 201912 Dec 2019 Proteinuria is indicative of significant renal disease. Spot urine protein creatinine ratio is a useful and reliable screening test. First morning urine specimen is preferred. Urine protein creatinine ratio (Up/Uc)…